Some dogs are prone to developing yeast infections on their bodies. These infections need special treatment from a veterinarian to be cured, but certain home remedies may help to manage your dog's discomfort at home before you get to the vet. Here's what you should know about yeast infections in dogs and how to treat them.
A yeast infection in a dog occurs when there is an overgrowth of yeast, a type of fungus that is naturally present in the skin. This causes skin redness, itching, scaling, and even an odor that is obvious to most pet owners.
Yeast is a type of fungus naturally present in the environment and on the skin that grows and multiplies in warm, moist environments. There are many different species of yeast but the most common one to cause infections in dogs is called Malassezia pachydermatis. Yeast lives on the skin of all dogs and can only be seen microscopically.
Yeast infections occur when there is an overgrowth of this yeast that is normally present on the skin. There is usually an underlying reason for the overgrowth to occur, such as allergies, oily skin, or immune-mediated disorders. Dogs with chronic underlying conditions may be prone to frequent yeast infections. Fortunately, yeast infections are not contagious to humans or other animals.
Dogs are most likely to develop yeast dermatitis (skin infection) or yeast otitis (ear infection) but some dogs can have both types of yeast infections at the same time. Dermatitis means inflammation of the skin and otitis means inflammation of the ears.
Yeast infections can cause discomfort, itching, and bad odors, so owners usually notice the symptoms right away if they know what to look for. Yeast otitis usually causes redness inside the ear, scaling of the ear flap or pinna, head shaking, scratching at the ear, face rubbing, and an odor.
Yeast dermatitis can occur anywhere on the skin of a dog but is most common in the armpits, feet, and any skin folds. Redness, scaling or skin flaking, itching, and odor are most commonly noticed on these parts of the body if they are harboring a yeast infection.
If you suspect your dog has a yeast infection, contact your veterinarian for advice. The vet will examine your dog and likely collect a sample to analyze under the microscope. Samples are usually taken on a cotton swab or by pressing some tape or a microscope slide onto the affected skin. All samples are stained with a dye to highlight the yeast and/or other organisms so that they can be identified.
Yeast looks different from bacteria and other microorganisms and requires specific treatment. Because of this, it is important for your veterinarian to diagnose the infection before beginning treatment. Some dogs can develop multiple kinds of infections at the same time and need a specialized treatment plan.
Your veterinarian will likely recommend oral and/or topical treatments for your dog's yeast infection, and it's important to use these as directed. However, there are also some home remedies and natural treatments that may reduce the yeast population on your dog's skin and help ease the symptoms. Ask your vet if any of the following home remedies are safe for your dog:
Yeast cannot thrive in highly acidic environments. Vinegar contains acetic acid and has a low pH, so it may help reduce the yeast population on dog skin when diluted and applied topically. Both white vinegar and apple cider vinegar can work, but apple cider vinegar is favored by some because it also contains beneficial bacteria.
Never apply vinegar at full strength as this can seriously irritate the skin. Mix a solution of one part vinegar to three parts water and spay or wipe infected areas. This solution should not be used in the ears, near the eyes, or genital area. Do not apply it to broken skin or open wounds because it will sting and cause irritation. Keep in mind your dog will smell like vinegar after this treatment.
This supplement contains polysaccharides found in the cell walls of yeast, mushrooms, and cereal grains. They are thought to stimulate the immune system and may be helpful in fighting infection and inflammation. This could be beneficial in dogs with underlying conditions that lead to recurrent yeast infections. Beta-glucans can be found in pet products like Imuquin® and Zenapet Dog Immune Support.
If your dog has frequent episodes of yeast otitis, then an ear cleaner with an astringent (drying agent) can help to prevent recurrent infections. This cleaner can be used after baths and after your dog goes swimming to help decrease the moisture in the ears. Make sure your veterinarian instructs you on the proper ways to clean your dog's ears to avoid injuries.
If your dog is sensitive to certain foods or things in the environment, avoiding them can help decrease an allergic reaction and the likelihood of a secondary yeast infection. This includes using regular flea prevention as some dogs have more serious allergies to flea bites.
Bathing your dog regularly can help control excess oils on a dog's skin, as well as remove yeast from the surface of the skin. Prescription shampoos are most effective and your vet can prescribe the right one for your dog's specific medical needs. For dogs that have oily coats and are prone to yeast infections, even routine bathing with an over-the-counter dog shampoo can be a helpful step.
Fatty acids are fat molecules typically obtained through the diet that are necessary for many functions in the body. They are especially beneficial in reducing inflammation and, as a result, can help to relieve the itching that occurs in dogs with yeast infections and other skin diseases. They may also improve the natural barrier of the skin. This may prevent future infections and improve coat quality. Look for dog-specific supplements that can be dosed at 180mg of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) per 10 pounds of body weight, or consider a diet formulated to contain this supplement.
Many other remedies are often touted as being safe options for treating yeast infections in dogs but little to no scientific evidence is available to support their use. As always, your veterinarian is the best source of information when it comes to your dog's health.
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