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The Great Dane is one of the largest dog breeds in the world, and is also known as the Apollo of Dogs. This is a working breed from Germany, bred for hunting wild boar. They’re known for their tall stature, large head and muzzle, long limbs, narrow body, and short fur.

The Great Dane's temperament is true to the breed's "gentle giant" nickname. These dogs are loved for their joyful spirits and companionable personalities. Towering over medium breeds, they fall under the giant dog category. They have a regal, intelligent, and loyal temperament, bonding closely with their humans and making wonderful family dogs. A well-trained Great Dane will thrive in most households.

Unfortunately, like other giant breeds, the life span of these dogs tends to be shorter than other canines. However, lovers of these calm, sweet dogs will tell you any amount of time with a Great Dane is worthwhile.

Learn about the Great Dane, including the breed’s history, temperament, and care needs.

Characteristics of the Great Dane

Great Dane dogs come in various colors, such as blue, brindle, harlequin, and black. Their size is impressive, with males weighing up to 200 pounds and growing to be up to 34 inches tall.

These dogs are calm and laid-back both at home and in public when trained well, and their loving nature makes them affectionate members of the family.

Great Danes are patient and get along easily with children, but as such a large breed, they can knock small children over accidentally simply by bumping into them. They are also not suitable to be handled on a leash by young kids.

Great Danes are a good choice for multi-pet households, as they are usually friendly towards other animals (especially when raised together).

History of the Great Dane

Great Danes originated in Germany, although some believe the breed has ancient origins. They most likely emerged from the English mastiff and Irish wolfhound.

Over time, the breed was no longer considered a hunting dog and became more known as a watchdog and companion. German breeders aimed to make them much less aggressive, which led to the gentle disposition common in most Great Danes today.

Great Danes appeared in the United States in the late 1800s and gradually became more popular over time. The breed was officially recognized by the American Kennel Club (AKC) in 1887.

The Great Dane is the state dog of Pennsylvania. Also, Great Danes top the Guinness World Record list for the world's tallest dog.

In popular culture, the cartoon Scooby-Doo and comic-strip character Marmaduke are both Great Danes. The breed has also been cast as the titular character in the film versions of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's The Hound of the Baskervilles.

Great Dane Care

Caring for your Great Dane is similar to other short-haired breeds of smaller sizes, but their large stature requires a few extra steps to keep them safe when it comes to exercise. It's also important to train this breed from a young age in basic obedience to raise a well-rounded dog who behaves well at maturity.

Your home does not need to be extra large to accommodate this dog's commanding size, but you do need some extra space (especially due to that long tail).

Exercise

Great Danes are playful and energetic when young. To keep their growing bones and joints healthy, don't allow them to jump, and don't take them along for activities like running until they are at least 18 months old.

As they age, most of these dogs have moderate energy levels. Routine exercise, such as daily walks, can help keep your dog fit and healthy. Some Great Danes enjoy dog sports, such as agility, obedience, tracking, and more.

Let your dog exercise for one to two hours total every day. Since they aren't prone to fence jumping, most Great Danes can safely play in a fenced yard.

Grooming

Great Danes have short, thick coats that typically need no more than basic grooming with weekly brushing. They shed especially heavily during the spring and fall. Great Danes need to bathe routinely, usually once or twice a month.

Danes with natural (floppy) ears should have routine ear checks and cleanings. While some people prefer to surgically crop the ears, this practice is becoming less common and is actually banned in some countries.

You should trim your dog's nails every couple of weeks to keep them healthy and prevent splitting or tearing. In order to maintain good oral hygiene, brush your dog's teeth at least a few times per week. This will help keep gum disease at bay.

Training

Proper obedience training and socialization with others are absolutely essential for the Great Dane. The giant size of this breed makes them very difficult to manage if not properly trained. These dogs do not realize their large size, so careful attention should be placed upon the prevention of jumping, leaning, and leash pulling.

Great Danes are easy to housetrain and prefer to be indoors with the family rather than alone in the yard. Crate training with a crate specified for giant breeds is recommended.

In general, Great Danes don't tend to bark much. They may alert you to strangers outside the house or unusual circumstances, but with basic training to discourage barking as puppies, this breed is not known to develop loud habits.

Common Health Problems

Great Danes have a short average life span of six to eight years. Responsible breeders strive to maintain the highest breed standards as established by kennel clubs like the AKC. Dogs bred by these standards are less likely to inherit genetic conditions. However, these dogs are prone to several issues, and some hereditary health problems can still occur in Great Danes, so it’s a good idea to consider pet insurance for this dog.

The following are common conditions to be aware of:

• Gastric dilatation-volvulus (GDV or bloat): Bloat is a condition in which the stomach fills with gas and twists, which can be fatal. When adopting a Great Dane, speak with your veterinarian about preventive surgery to tack the stomach down.
• Hip dysplasia: Especially common in large and giant breeds, hip dysplasia is caused by a malformation in your dog's hip joints as they age.
• Elbow hygroma: This non-cancerous, fluid-filled growth can appear on your dog's elbow. Elbow hygromas are typically caused by your dog lying on hard surfaces.
• Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM): DCM is a condition that affects the chambers of your dog's heart, which can lead to congestive heart failure if untreated. Because the Great Dane is prone to this problem, it’s known as the “heartbreak breed.”
• Wobbler syndrome (Cervical spondylomyelopathy or Cervical vertebral instability): Caused by a compression on the spine in your dog's neck, Wobbler syndrome affects your dog's neurological abilities.
• Degenerative lumbosacral stenosis: This neurologic disorder affects the spine. It can cause mobility problems, incontinence, and other symptoms.   
• Happy tail syndrome: When a dog hits their tail on a hard surface multiple times while wagging it, they can cause damage to the tip. The skin becomes damaged and bleeding occurs.  

Diet and Nutrition

It's important to start Great Dane puppies on large breed puppy food to ensure they don't grow too fast (which can lead to dysplasia and other health problems down the road).

Your veterinarian will likely recommend feeding your dog several smaller meals per day, rather than one to two large portions, to help prevent bloat. You can also do the following to reduce the dog’s risk of bloat:

• Use slow-feeder bowls 
• Prevent your dog from exercising until a couple of hours after they eat
• Restrict exercise before a meal
• Keep multiple dogs in the house separated while they eat

Adult Great Danes require a lot of food—up to 10 cups per day. However, take care not to overfeed this breed. Consult with your veterinarian to determine an appropriate diet and portion schedule based on your dog's age, weight, and activity level to avoid canine obesity.

Where to Adopt or Buy a Great Dane

Puppies typically cost between $1,000 and $2,000, but prices can be upwards of $6,000 depending on availability and pedigree.

Beyond the high price of getting a Great Dane, there are expensive long-term costs. These dogs eat more food and need higher doses of medications because of their size. It might cost you hundreds of dollars per month between food and other necessities. Over the course of this dog’s life, you might spend $30,000.

If you think you'd like to adopt a Great Dane, inquire with local shelters to see if there are any breed-specific rescues in your area. Unfortunately, many dogs need a new home, as their original families found they were not a good match.

When planning to buy from puppyhood, find a responsible breeder to help ensure your dog comes from a bloodline bred for health and temperament.

Check out resources like the national breed club, rescue organizations, and the AKC to get started:

• Great Dane Club of America
• Mid-Atlantic Great Dane Rescue League
• AKC Great Dane Breeders

Great Dane Overview

Great Danes are gentle giants that make wonderful family pets. However, they are prone to various health conditions, and they require the right training and socialization. These big dogs also need a good amount of exercise daily.  

Pros of Great Danes

• Great with kids
• Gets along with other pets
• Extremely loving and gentle
  

Cons of Great Danes

• Shorter life span
• More costly to feed
• Requires strength to control on leash
  

109 Popular Great Dane Dog Names

More Dog Breeds and Further Research

If you think the Great Dane is the right dog breed for you, be sure to do plenty of research before adopting one. Talk to other Great Dane pet parents, reputable breeders, and rescue groups to learn more. To discover similar breeds, check out:

• Bullmastiff
• Cane Corso
• Doberman Pinscher

There are plenty of dog breeds out there that can join your family. With a little research, you can find your next best friend!

10 Giant Dog Breeds That Make Great Pets